Key Words
Mac Address
A MAC address, short for Media Access Control address, is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface card (NIC) by the manufacturer. It consists of six pairs of hexadecimal numbers, separated by colons or hyphens. MAC addresses are used at the data link layer of the OSI model to uniquely identify devices within a local network. Unlike IP addresses, MAC addresses are assigned to the physical hardware and remain constant, making them useful for tasks such as network management, device tracking, and security.
IP Address
An IP address, short for Internet Protocol address, is a unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It serves two main functions: identifying the host or network interface and providing the location of the device in the network. IP addresses can be either IPv4 (32-bit) or IPv6 (128-bit) and play a crucial role in enabling communication and data exchange across the internet.
How to know you IP address and Mac Address
on windows
you can simple write ipconfig on CMD
on Linux
to show Network interfaces
to show IP addresses
Using a Web Browser
Networks Ports
Network ports are specific numbers used to identify different services or applications running on a device within a network. They facilitate the communication and exchange of data between devices by assigning unique port numbers to each service or application. Here are some common network ports and their associated services:
Port 80 (HTTP): Used for standard web browsing and accessing websites.
Port 443 (HTTPS): Used for secure web browsing with SSL/TLS encryption.
Port 22 (SSH): Used for secure remote access to servers.
Port 21 (FTP): Used for file transfer between computers.
Port 25 (SMTP): Used for sending email messages.
Port 110 (POP3): Used for receiving email messages.
Port 143 (IMAP): Used for accessing email messages on a server.
Port 53 (DNS): Used for domain name resolution.
Port 3389 (RDP): Used for remote desktop access.
Port 1194 (OpenVPN): Used for secure VPN connections.
These are just a few examples of commonly used network ports. There are many other ports assigned for various services and applications. Understanding network ports is important for configuring firewalls, routing traffic, and ensuring proper communication between devices in a network.
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